Should Animal s Organ Be Used For Human Transplantation

Should animal’s organ be used for human transplantation? Xenotransplantation: a subject about which people hold strong contrasting views. Rare attempts have been made to transplant animal organs or tissues into human beings since the early years of this century. Curiosity surrounding the procedure known as Xenotransplantation has increased in the last few years because it is seen as one way of reducing the shortage of human organs for transplantation. Currently, this shortage strictly edges the potential of transplantation for treating human diseases. The worldwide requirement for organs is growing significantly. For example, in 2004, the United Network of organ sharing found that over 100,000 patients could have had an advantage from organ transplant, but only 29,000 were available. In 1963 Doctor Keith Reemtsma a surgeon who experimented with organ transplants. Thirteen chimpanzee’s kidneys were transferred into humans. Twelve patients survived for 60 days. One patient survived for nine months, so this option was considered a v iable one. In the USA approximately 3,000 people are currently on the waiting list for heart transplant, but only 2,000 donors’ hearts become available each year. In the meantime, heart patients awaiting a transplant must depend on mechanical procedures, which can raise the risk of infection, blood clots and bleeding in the patient. Doctor Muhammed M.Mohiuddin a cardiothoracic surgery specialist therefore explains the rationality behindShow MoreRelatedNo Secret That The Organ Transplantation917 Words   |  4 Pageshave to be put on a donor list to get a replacement of a diagnosed organ that must be replaced to live. It is no secret that the organ transplantation list has a significant amount of people and every day a handful of them die. A average of twenty one people die everyday, according to the American Transplant Foundation. Many scientist and medically certified personals have been trying to come up with alternative genetic modified organs to give to needed patients, instead of w aiting for a donor to comeRead More The Ethics of Xenotransplantation Essay examples1615 Words   |  7 Pages parts of organs, or even whole organs from one species of animal, and implanting them into another species. The FDA has given their own definition of xenotransplantation which they say is â€Å"any procedure that involves the transplantation, implantation, or infusion into a human recipient of either live cells, tissues, or organs from a non human animal source, or human body fluids, cells, tissues or organs that have had ex vivo contact with live non human animal cells, tissues or organs.† The mainRead MoreThe Use Of Immunotherapy And Genetic Engineering1198 Words   |  5 PagesOrgan transplants save thousands of lives each year and are one of the most significant medical innovations of the past century. Despite that, each year, the number of patients on the waiting list continues to grow, while the number of donors and transplants remains stagnant. One solution scientists are investigating to solve this problem is xenotransplantation, a procedure which involves the â€Å"transplantation, implantation, or infusion of live cells, tissues, or organs from a non-primate source intoRead MoreThe Human Of Bone Marrow Transplantation1632 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"It should be noted that marrow grafting could not have reached clinical application without animal research, first in inbred rodents and then in outbred species† E. Donnall Thomas, The Nobel Prizes, 1990 Animal research, as mentioned by Dr. E. Donnall Thomas in 1990 during his Nobel Prize award, has been crucial for the understanding of bone marrow transplantation (BMT) as a clinical therapy 138. His studies extensively used both mice and dogs as animal models. Other important models used inRead MoreBioprinting Human Organs: The Past, Present, And Future.1488 Words   |  6 Pages Bioprinting Human Organs: The Past, Present, and Future Written by: Emmitt Mikkelson, Alexander Turnbull and John Wesley Table of Contents: I. Introduction II. History of Organ Transplants III. Development of Bioprinting IV. Current Bioprinting Processes V. Bioprinting Human Organs for Transplantation VI. Insurance Coverage for Organ Transplants VII. Ethical Considerations and Alternative Ideas VIII. The Future of Bioprinting IX. Conclusion Read MoreEssay Xenotransplants - Animal to Human Organ Transplants1398 Words   |  6 PagesXenotransplants - Animal to Human Organ Transplants We should NOT risk the human race for the benefit of the few! When asked how he feels about the advancement of science to places that were once notions to be the job of the creator, Dr. Martin Luther King replies by saying, â€Å"Cowardice asks is it safe? Expedience asks is it political? Vanity asks is it popular? But the conscience asks is it right?† This essay is about animal to human organ transplants otherwise known as XenotransplantsRead MoreEssay on Organ Donation1638 Words   |  7 Pagescurrent process of procuring organs for transplantation. It will also explore technology on the horizon and alternates to donation. The waiting list for transplant surgery far exceeds the current supply. Black Market organ trade in this, as well in foreign countries is alive and well. Donation is not able to keep up with demand. We have to take measures to ensure those in the most need are taken care of. We already allow people to sell eggs, sperm and blood why not other organs? I will attempt to showRead MoreThe Ethical Issue Of Xenotransplantation And The Catholic Churches Essay1765 Words   |  8 Pagesit. Xenotransplantation is a procedure involving the transplantation of live cells, organs and tissues from nonhumans into humans. It provides an alternative way to treat serious and fatal diseases such as Alzheimer s, diabetes and Parkinson s disease. It also poses as a solution for the ongoing problem of organ shortage. Generally, Xenotransplantation is a reoccurring ethical issue as this specific procedure utilises organs from animals, such as pigs and nonhuman primates. Individuals who goRead MoreOrgan Donation And The Ethical Implications1441 Words   |  6 Pagesof becoming an organ donor can save lives and improve the quality of life of the recipient. When an individual is in need of an organ transplant, it is typically known that they are in need of an organ that facilitates a restoration of physiological functioning and will often mean the difference between life and death. A vast majority of individuals are apprehensive about what happens to their bodies after their death. In this paper we will go through the origins and history of organ donation, theRead MoreShould Xenotransplantation Be Allowed? Essay1366 Words   |  6 PagesTopic: Xenotransplantation (Animal to Human Transplants) Research Question: Should Xenotransplantation be allowed? (Animal parts transferred into Humans) Introduction: Scientists have developed a way for a pig heart to be transplanted into a baboon, which has been living for more than a year. This breakthrough means that sometime soon, we may be able to use pig hearts for human bodies, when we don’t have any human parts to spare. For this investigation, I am going to find out how Xenotransplantation

Christ Has No Body - 1085 Words

I was excited to receive your letter and I am equally thrilled to respond to your request. For thousands of years mankind has conflicted against the power of evil in order to reach a state of harmony with God. The many different views of each religion seem to have compounded the issue of who may be right and who may be wrong. Regardless of our personal beliefs, our goal seems to always remain the same, to be united with Christ in heaven. The poems of St. Teresa of Avila, My Beloved One is Mine and Christ Has No Body, are illustrative of the thoughtful and emotional impact Christ had on the life of St. Teresa of Avila, and also illuminate various catholic beliefs. The goal of the poems is to allow the reader to become closer to God,†¦show more content†¦St. Teresa, during her intense prayers to God, felt such a strong connection to Him that it seems she literally felt His presence next to her. My friend, as you know, for many years we walked and prayed together in Rome. Although we are now far apart, I still have much respect for you and your beliefs. I feel I must make you aware of how I, now a member of the Lutheran faith, view these poems. Like St. Teresa of Avila, I too believe in the power of profound and emotional prayer. I, however, believe that although my faith is deeply rooted in my daily communication with God, my deeds, or acts of good work, do not necessarily carry the same weight. I believe that I am â€Å"made righteous by grace through faith alone apart from works† (Kinnaman np). My belief and fidelity toward Him are all that I deem necessary to find a deep and meaningful relationship with God. Furthermore, the catholic belief of transubstantiation during the Holy Eucharist is an aspect of the sacrament that has become foreign to me. As a Lutheran, I hold the sacrament of the Holy Eucharist close to my heart, which is why I must hold on to my belief of the sacramental union, the conviction that the bread and wine do no t change into the body and blood of Christ, butShow MoreRelatedThe Foundation of Understanding Human Anatomy During Renaissance Period990 Words   |  4 Pagesrebirth because â€Å"it [is] believed that the human spirit [has] to be reawakened as it [is] in the classical (Greco-Roman) times† (). During this time, the new conception of human emerges as individualism which means a man can create his own destiny, and humanism in which â€Å"humans are the center of the universe† (). With their free will and the motion in seeking personal fame, artists engage themselves in learning the structure of human body to make their works more lifelike. With such knowledge, theyRead MorePauls View On The Church1480 Words   |  6 PagesCorinthians 12:12-13; Galatians 3:26-28, Romans 16:25-27. Church is also commonly known as the Temple of God. In Ephesians 2:21-22 refers that in Christ is made a new man that brings in Gentiles to be grafted in and be fellow heirs with the Body of C hrist. In Christ all differences such as color, ethnicity, sex or status becomes molded into on under Christ. Simply put, it erased the line of Jew and Gentiles. Paul in the Bible mostly uses the word â€Å"ekklesia† in Greek to describe the church. EkklesiaRead MoreWhy Are Christians Divided Within Church?1086 Words   |  5 Pageswhy are Christians divided in church? Are we not one family and one body in God? 1 Cor. 1: 12-13 says, Now I mean this, that each of you says, I am of Paul, and I of Apollos, and I of Cephas, and I of Christ. Is Christ divided? Was Paul crucified for you? Or were you baptized into the name of Paul? We are all baptized in the name of Jesus Christ, we are one family and one body. Different opinions are due to a shortage of Christ. We all have our own preferences and understanding in so many mattersRead MoreThe Church Community1151 Words   |  5 Pages The church has a variety of members which forms the body of Jesus Christ. There are the physical body parts, such as the hands, feet, eyes, ears. Also, the body parts on the inside of the body, which are the heart, lungs, skeleton, veins, and blood. Each of these parts function on its own, but united to serve the church community. Dietrich Bonhoeffer says, â€Å"They all have an identity of their own only as members of the body, as a community that serves in unity. The unity of the church communityRead MoreThe Doctrine Of The Lord s Supper1597 Words   |  7 Pagesis important to consider what scripture has to say about an issue before examining any other arguments or views. Jesus tells his disciples in the accounts of Matthew and Mark that his blood â€Å"is poured out for many for the forgiveness of sins† (Matt 26:28 NIV) and in Luke he commands them to partake of the elements in remembrance of him and tells them that his blood is a new covenant (Lk 22:19-20 NIV). Finally , Jesus says in John that whoever eats his body and drinks of his blood will have eternalRead MoreBaptism And The Lord s Supper Essay1562 Words   |  7 PagesAccording to David Scaer, Thomas Baima comprehensively understands the presence of Christ in the Lord’s Supper within the trinitarian context that includes the three divine persons: The Father, the Son and the Holy Spirit. The trinitarian communion is first communicated with the thought that Jesus is equally divine and man and then in all the sacraments. Therefore, Lutherans can declare that god and humanity are united sacraments. According to Thomas Baima, whose proposition David Scaer exploresRead MoreGod s Foolishness Is Better Than Human Wisdom1674 Words   |  7 PagesGod chose what is weak in the world to shame the strong; God chose what is low and despised in the world, things that are not, to reduce to nothing things that are, so that no one might boast in the presence of God. He is the source of your life in Christ Jesus, who became for us wisdom from God, and righteousness and sanctification and redemption, in order that, as it is written, â€Å"Let the one who boasts, boast in the Lord.† 1 Corinthians 1:25-31 Because the foolishness of God is wiser than men;Read MoreJesus Christ and the Holy Spirit797 Words   |  3 PagesGod, Jesus Christ and the Holy Spirit constitute the whole context of Catholic religion. We may have a pretty good point on who Jesus Christ was, we may ponder on who God is, but we must also balance the work of the Holy Spirit within the Catholic church and its followers. Often we think of Jesus Christ as related to the Father, but I think his life was highly influenced and his actions were all the more possible through the help of the Holy Spirit. Christs actual birth is marked by the interventionRead MoreThe Divine And Human Nature Of Jesus Christ Essay1747 Words   |  7 PagesChalcedonian or the Orthodox Christ is defined as one divine person, two natures, two wills human and divine. Although this view was defended by Cyril of Alexandria and expressed as the true definition of the divinity and human nature of Christ he was confronted with refutations by three anci ent Christological heresies. These heresies included Apollinarianism, Eutychianism and Nestorianism. Each one of these heresies explained the divine and human nature of Jesus Christ differently which caused a riftRead MoreWhere We Have Been. In The Series 20/20 We Have Been Working1461 Words   |  6 Pageshow God has created us for work, how we should be honoring God in our work, and finally that all of our work should honor God. Two weeks ago we learnt about the reality of all Christians being a part of the body of Christ, and that that isn t an option or something we can pick and choose about. What is the body of Christ? The body of Christ is the community of believers who have a common faith and identity in Christ Jesus. The capacity to which each of us is able to be involved in the body of Christ

Pregnancy And Infection Samples for Students †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Pregnancy And Infection. Answer: Pregnancy and infection The above research article describes about the complexity of the immune response occurring at the times of pregnancy of a woman. The immune response by the placenta for specific pathogens affects the vulnerability of the woman to infectious diseases (Mor Cardenas, 2010). It is necessary to assess the interaction of the pathogenic microbes with the placenta and its responses to make an appropriate prophylaxis therapy. Researches regarding this issue have been done by many scientists. This topic has been researched by Gil Mor, Ingrid Cardenas, Vikki Abrahams, and Seth Guller, who had been researching in the department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive sciences. They have focused on the exigent question whether the maternal immunity acts as a friend or enemy during pregnancy. They have tried to establish a new paradigm for the fetal -maternal immune reaction during pregnancy and also the immunological response of the mother to various pathogens. According to the author, their main challenge is to throw light upon the immunological complications of pregnancy for delivering the appropriate treatment to the patients with pregnancy (Mor et al., 2011). During pregnancy the human desidua consists of large number immune cells such as the macrophages, the regulatory T cells and the natural killer cells. At the time of the first trimester the dendritic cells, the NK cells and macrophages infiltrates the desidua and aggregates around the trophoblast cells that are i nvading. reduction of the immune cells terminates the pregnancy (Pazos et al., 2012). Thus the deletion of the macrophages poses a detrimental effect on the placental development. This paper describes the allograft paradigm previously described in the newspaper article. According to the assumption of Sir Peter Medawar, Placenta is actually an allograft that expresses proteins derived from paternal genes and hence should be rejected under normal immunologic conditions but with the increasing knowledge about placental biology, it can be appreciated that placenta is more like a transplanted organ (Robbins Bakardjiev, 2012). The trophoblast and the maternal immunity have evolved in a cooperative way to help out each other for the success of the pregnancy. According to the Racicot ey al., (2014), there are certain immunological phases of pregnancy. The stages of pregnancy are featured by inimitable inflammatory environments. The first and the third trimester are pro-inflammatory and sec ond trimester an anti-inflammatory. During the first stage the blastocysts have to invade the uterus epithelial lining for the implantation, break the endometrial tissue, which is again followed by the substitution of the trophoblast of the endothelium and the vascular smooth muscles of the blood vessels of the mother for an adequate fetal blood supply. The second immunological phase consists of a rapid fetal growth. In the last immunological phase there is an influx of the immune cells. The pro-inflammatory environment causes uterus contraction, expulsion of the baby and placenta rejection. This turmoil of inflammatory response affects the host microbe interaction and caters to different types of infections in would be mothers (Mor et al., 2011). An article related to this topic is pregnancy and infection by Athena P. Kourtis, M.D., Ph.D., Jennifer S. Read, M.D., M.P.H., and Densie J.Jamieson, M.D., M.P.H. The paper had been published from the Division of the reproductive health and promotion, Centers of the disease control and prevention, Atlanta and the Department of the epidemiology and Biostatistics. Kourtis et al.., 2014, have stated that in comparison to the non pregnant women, pregnant woman are more susceptible to infections by viruses like influenza, hepatitis E and Herpes Simplex virus. Pregnancy is featured by its tolerance towards the placenta and the fetus, which allows the growth of the foreign tissue without rejection (Kourtis et al., 2014). The increased level of Estrogen and the progesterone may suppress the humoral immunity by suppressing the production of the B cell in the bone marrow. The ineffective immune response towards viral infections lies in the level of the cellular immunity (Kourtis et al., 2014). The improper immune response to the viral antigens during the gestation period occurs due to the shift in the T-helper cells from the Th-1 and the Th- 2 cytokine (Silasi et al., 2014). The main aim of both the papers is to understand the immunological steps of pregnancy and the host microbe interaction in order to make suitable preventive medications and prophylaxis for preventing infections and pregnancy loss. References Kourtis, A. P., Read, J. S., Jamieson, D. J. (2014). Pregnancy and infection. New England Journal of Medicine, 370(23), 2211-2218. Mor, G., Cardenas, I. (2010). The immune system in pregnancy: a unique complexity.American journal of reproductive immunology,63(6), 425-433. Mor, G., Cardenas, I., Abrahams, V., Guller, S. (2011). Inflammation and pregnancy: the role of the immune system at the implantation site. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1221(1), 80-87. Pazos, M., Sperling, R. S., Moran, T. M., Kraus, T. A. (2012). The influence of pregnancy on systemic immunity. Immunologic research, 54(1-3), 254-261. Racicot, K., Kwon, J. Y., Aldo, P., Silasi, M., Mor, G. (2014). Understanding the complexity of the immune system during pregnancy. American Journal of Reproductive Immunology, 72(2), 107-116. Robbins, J. R., Bakardjiev, A. I. (2012). Pathogens and the placental fortress. Current opinion in microbiology, 15(1), 36-43. Silasi, M., Cardenas, I., Kwon, J. Y., Racicot, K., Aldo, P., Mor, G. (2015). Viral infections during pregnancy. American journal of reproductive immunology, 73(3), 199-213.

The Northcliffe Revolution Essay Example

The Northcliffe Revolution Essay The intention of this paper is to explore the notion that Lord Northcliffe, the owner of popular papers in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries such as the Daily Mail, had such a pivotal role in the press of the epoch that he could be easily described as possessing such incredible power as to revolutionise a growing industry, such as that of the print based press. To be able to develop upon, or dismantle, such a widely debated topic of the era in which the press industries boomed and caused this vast and historical moment of the public communications field, I intend to analyse both the suggestions which support and the suggestions which disagree with the notion that Northcliffe had such a pivotal role in defining how the press developed in the period 1890-1930. Questions have been raised as to whether or not the so-called Northcliffe Revolution is really a useful way of understanding developments in British press in the above-mentioned period, 1890-1930. Francis Williams who was the 1940s press officer to Labour M. P. Atley claimed that Northcliffe started a revolution in the press industry, whereas Jean Chalaby would argue that Northcliffe didnt produce revolutionary ideas when it came to journalism etc, he more simply applied improved, and developed, upon existing techniques (Chalaby: 2000: 27). We will write a custom essay sample on The Northcliffe Revolution specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Northcliffe Revolution specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Northcliffe Revolution specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer It is from these sort of fundamental arguments that the intentions of this essay will be based, and from this will come an opinion on the usefulness of understanding press developments between 1890 and 1930 through the perspective of the Northcliffe Revolution. Northcliffe himself knew the importance that a national daily newspaper would mean to him financially and so introduced to the nation its first daily paper The Daily Mail. It was Northcliffes entrepreneurial desire to achieve this target that led to the Daily Mail reaching a circulation of just a few thousand under 1 million readers at 989,000 (Williams: 1998: 56). But this would not have been possible if not for the mass use of advertising within his publication. Advertising During the period of 1890-1930 the print based press undoubtedly developed financially. As is understandable the costs in order to produce a publication such as a daily newspaper rose considerably. During the 1830s, publicist Henry Hetherington needed only thirty pounds in order to start his paper, whereas Lord Northcliffe needed almost six hundred thousand pounds in order for his Daily Mail venture to get off the ground and become a realisation (Curran Seaton: 1991: 35). It was through this knowledge that Northcliffe knew that revenue would need to be gained through some other approach. Northcliffe also understood the need to keep the cost of buying a publication for the average consumer down to the minimum as to attract a continual and loyal following. Thus, Lord Northcliffe pioneered the use of mass advertising. Undeniably, advertising had always had a part to play, but Kevin Williams, who wrote Get me a murder a day! : A History of Mass Communications in Britain, would argue that there had never been such an indisputable link, at that moment in time, between the advertisers and the major publications. Advertising became not only the main source of revenue but also the main way of keeping prices down, so in turn newspapers ceased to sell at their factual outlay and the cover price of the newspapers was subsidised by advertising profits. Williams though, recognises the fact that Northcliffe had a major part to play in the area of advertising, but he does recognise the fact that major publications that were not Northcliffes were already heavily reliant on the advertising side of their revenue. By the late eighteen-eighties, nearly sixty one percent of the column space of the Telegraph, forty nine percent of The Times and just over forty percent of the Scotsman were devoted to advertising. This seems to point to the notion that the application of advertising was already a major factor of publication revenue and not a revolutionary idea drummed up by the ever power-increasing Lord Northcliffe. Other factors though, indicate a very strong argument in favour of the Northcliffe Revolution idea. Lord Northcliffe certainly can be acknowledged as being the founder of the idea in which circulation figures are printed on the cover of the publication. Lord Northcliffe knew that his newspapers were the major players in their respective target markets, and he recognized that if advertisers had a realisation that this was accurate then they would be more inclined to pay his publications for advertising than his competitors, and so front-page circulation statistics were born. Coupled with this new idea of openly printing the newspapers circulation figures was the innovative idea that Northcliffe came up with, which was to charge rates for advertising based on the size of the circulation. Whereas previously the advertisement rates were charged by the amount of space taken up to print that advert (per column inches), Northcliffe charged advertisers for every 1000 readers, and therefore creating a major link between publications and advertising for the present and the inevitably the long term (Williams: 1998: 59). Through this increase in advertising revenue, Northcliffe was able to increase circulation through the cutting of the cost of the paper and hence came up with the well-remembered slogan of the Daily Mail, the penny paper for half a penny. Large-scale advertising led to a major revamp in Northcliffes Daily Mail becoming the first to break up the column style of traditional newspaper appearance (Williams: 1998: 59). Newspaper Composition and Journalistic Techniques Through Northcliffes significant contribution in providing what seems to be an almost eternal link between advertising and newspapers, he also changed the way in which a newspaper is structured, its composition, and the journalistic news values and techniques that were employed by the then present day journalists. Prior to the beginning of the Northcliffe Revolution all newspaper advertisements were of a classified nature and were rigidly placed within columns. Northcliffe saw the possibility of development in this area of newspaper composition and so even though attempts to break up the column format were strongly resisted, his Daily Mail newspaper was the first to allow whole page advertisements, with department store Selfridges being the most notable in 1924 (Murdock Golding: 1977: 131).

One Size Does Not Fit All

One Size Does Not Fit All One Size Does Not Fit All One Size Does Not Fit All By Maeve Maddox Creating a piece of writing can be compared to building a house. Both activities involve practical and aesthetic considerations. A builder needs to know what is to be built and who will be using it. A writer must have a clear purpose and an intended audience. A builder who specializes in building houses probably would not have the tools or experience necessary to build a cathedral, and might even consider some of the tools or materials required to build such an edifice unnecessary, time-wasting, or elitist. A writer must first consider what is to be written. Is it an advertising flyer or a paper for a scientific journal? Is it a reference book for astronomers, or a popular guide to the stars? Is it Wind in the Willows, or Gone With the Wind? Whatever the writers purpose, the basic tool kit is the same: a reasonable grasp of English grammar, vocabulary, orthography, and idiomatic expression. Writers acquire this basic writing kit from elementary and secondary education and from general reading. As adults they refresh their memories by consulting dictionaries and style guides like Elements of Style and Zinssers On Writing Well. This basic tool kit serves well for most kinds of no frills writing. Non-fiction writers add to the basic equipment by reading widely in their areas of specialization. They may study the style of scientists who write well, such as Peter Farb (Face of North America: The Natural History of A Continent). Fiction writers increase the furnishings of their minds and find their own voices by reading fiction and nonfiction in many genres and from various historical periods. All writers operate from the basic tool kit, and, like builders, have the option of using the tools that suit the project in hand. They may not need every gadget in the box, and they may use some of the tools in unorthodox ways. Screw drivers and putty knives can be used for tasks other than the ones theyre designed for. And while older tools like magnetic stud finders may be superseded by electronic ones, they can still do the job. The writer, like any other craftsman, will think carefully about which tool is needed for a particular job. Once upon a time there was a dear little girl who was loved by every one who looked at her, but most of all by her grandmother, and there was nothing that she would not have given to the child. We could edit this first sentence of Grimms tale of Little Red-Cap according to what we learn from White and Zinsser: Everybody loved a little girl, especially her grandmother. The result is shorter and gets to the point faster. Perhaps a modern story teller would begin that way, but the revision destroys the fairy tale magic. While crisp, no-nonsense prose may be exactly what we want most of the time, sometimes we may wish to slow our writing for effect. Once upon a time there was is a way of saying to the reader Dont worry about going anywhere. Settle back and give yourself up to this fictional world for awhile. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Fiction Writing category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:7 English Grammar Rules You Should KnowHow to Play HQ Words: Cheats, Tips and TricksPeople vs. Persons

Hydrothermal Vents and the Marine Life They Support

Hydrothermal Vents and the Marine Life They Support Despite their forbidding appearance, hydrothermal vents support a community of marine creatures. Here you can learn the definition of hydrothermal vents, what theyre like as a habitat and what marine creatures live there.   How Hydrothermal Vents Form Hydrothermal vents are essentially underwater geysers created by tectonic plates. These huge plates in the Earth’s crust move and create cracks in the ocean floor. Ocean water enters the cracks, is heated up by the Earth’s magma, and then released through the hydrothermal vents, along with minerals such as hydrogen sulfide, which end up forming volcano-like projections on the seafloor. The water coming out of the vents can reach incredible temperatures of up to 750 degrees F, even though the water outside of the vents can be near freezing in temperature. Although the water coming out of the vents is extremely hot, it isnt boiling because it is unable to under the high water pressure. Due to their remote location in the deep sea, hydrothermal vents were discovered relatively recently. It wasnt until 1977 that scientists in the submersible  Alvin  were amazed to discover these undersea chimneys spewing hot water and minerals into the cold waters thousands of feet below the ocean surface. It was even more surprising to discover these inhospitable areas teeming with marine creatures. What Lives in Them? Living in a hydrothermal vent habitat presents challenges that prevent many marine creatures from inhabiting this hostile environment. Its inhabitants need to contend with total darkness, toxic chemicals, and extreme water pressure. But despite their intimidating description, hydrothermal vents support a wide variety of marine life, including fish,  tubeworms, clams, mussels, crabs, and shrimp. Hundreds of species of animals have been identified in the hydrothermal vent habitats around the world. At a hydrothermal vent, there is no sunlight to produce energy. Bacteria-like organisms called  archaea  have solved this problem by using a process called chemosynthesis to turn chemicals from the vents into energy. This energy-creating process drives the entire hydrothermal vent food chain. Animals in the hydrothermal vent community subsist on products produced by the archaea, or on the minerals in the water produced from the vents.   Types of Hydrothermal Vents Two types of hydrothermal vents are the black smokers and white smokers. The hottest of the vents, the black smokers, got their name because they spew a dark smoke composed mostly of iron and sulfide. This combination forms iron monosulfide and gives the smoke its black color. The white smokers release a cooler, lighter material composed of compounds including barium, calcium, and silicon. Where Are They Found? Hydrothermal vents are found at an average underwater depth of about 7,000 feet. They are found in both the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans and concentrated near the Mid-Ocean Ridge, which winds its way along the seafloor around the globe. So Whats the Big Deal? Hydrothermal vents play an important part in ocean circulation and regulating the chemistry of ocean waters. They contribute nutrients required by ocean organisms. Microbes found at hydrothermal vents may also be important to the development of medicines and other products. Mining of minerals found at hydrothermal vents is an emerging issue that may allow scientists to learn more about hydrothermal vents, but may also damage the seafloor and surrounding marine communities. References Cowan, A.M.Deep Sea Hydrothermal Vents. National Geographic.Pfeffer, W. 2003. Deep Oceans. Benchmark Books. 38pp.Viders, H. 2011. Hydrothermal Vents. Alert Diver Online.Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. What Are Hydrothermal Vents?

What has been the best period in your life and why Essay

What has been the best period in your life and why - Essay Example Their presence makes me feel important and there is a natural attachment between me and my children. The period of their upbringing was difficult but the emotions that arose within me when they started talking and walking seem to be unforgettable. There were times when I had to give up my sleep and luxuries to make them happy and to give them time but I did not regret it. I realized that fatherhood was a position of giving without any hope of rewards. Their happiness instilled emotions of happiness within me and when they cried I tried to do everything possible to make them happy. Thus, it was a feeling and a relationship that was different from all other relations. The time of their upbringing has always been important for me and this period of fathering the two most beautiful children of the world has been the most important and unforgettable period of my life. This is owing to the strong natural bond that exists in the relation of a father and his

Read Fast Food Nation. Identify the author's main argument. Find a Essay

Read Fast Food Nation. Identify the author's main argument. Find a theme that you plan to focus on in your analysis paper - Essay Example Down the way, the author reveals a load of thought-provoking and disturbing realities – the unscrupulous tie between fast food and the giant of Entertainment Industry and the transformations in the industry that have formed in the production of food products and the standard of culture. While the book is divided into two sections – â€Å"The American Way† and â€Å"Meat and Potatoes†, there is one theme that really that is showing up: convenience. As aforementioned, The Food Nation is divided into two sections. In â€Å"The American Way†, the author looks at the beginnings of the fast food industry within the framework of post World War II America. This describes how the idea of fast food cropped up and began to transform the food culture of America. In the â€Å"Meat and Potatoes†, the author investigates on the particular procedures of the fast food industry such as the development of the chemical flavoring, combination of spices and the li vestock production; the working conditions in related industries such as the poultry and the beef industries, and the worldwide perspective of fast food as an American way for imperializing the fast food industry. ... entertainment industry, particularly Hollywood, in raking more partakers of the industry; hence, a conversation between Ray Kroc and Walt Disney took place, pointing towards creating an integrated business model that would profit both industries. In this section of the book, the author also places a significant emphasis on the ideal and most effective methods of commercializing the food industry, that is, by targeting the kids’ population through Walt Disney’s advertisements.4 The Food Nation also touches on the role of the food industry in providing jobs to the American People: the fast food industry provides work for a large proportion of the American population (although most jobs pay low wages). Many fast food companies around the world are employing more employees than any other industry in America. This somehow implies of the growing fascination not just the American people but of the world population to the fast food industry. The contention of this review is the observation that the increasing attention to the food industry by the American people is driven by the deficiency of time. With the advent of the industrial era comes the continuing tightness and increasing workloads in the workplace, causing more time constraints on the part of the American people. In various sectors of the American society, the concern for time is much on an upward slope: there is a greater need for convenience in terms of eating and relaxation. Considering the fact the deficiency of time is already an issue, many people already prefer to eat outside; nevertheless, there are restaurants that are even worse in time consumption than cooking your food in the comfort of your own home. Some restaurants would take customers considerable amount of time before they can be served. This is

The ways neurons function helps Essay Example for Free

The ways neurons function helps Essay Typically, this type of stimulus-response reflexive action involves a collection of neurons initiating and provoking responses across synaptic junctions into other neurons. Synaptic inter-neuronal communication has illuminated behavioural knowledge as malfunction at the synapse is thought to underlie psychological disorders such as mood disturbance (Toates, 2007). Electrical signals arriving at the synaptic cleft trigger the release of stored neurotransmitters which operate as chemical messengers advancing neuronal impulses towards the target neuron. Target neuron receptors are specific to particular neurotransmitters thereby prohibiting erroneous stimulation of any neighbouring neurons. Once occupied, the neurotransmitter effectuates either an excitatory or inhibitory response in the post-synaptic neuron thus achieving a chemical bridge to conduct electrical impulses translated from stimuli. The biological perspective assumes that neuronal activity forms the biological infrastructure for psychological experiences such as emotions and moods thus alterations to the neural system, particularly synaptic activity has the ability to alter behaviour and mood. Through manipulation of the specific properties of neurotransmitter release, availability and deactivation, medical therapies have been advanced. For example, diminished serotonin has been implicated in attention and mood disorders and delaying the re-absorption or re-uptake into the releasing neuron favours alleviation of depressive symptoms. The anti-depressive agent Prozac, capitalises on this process by selectively targeting seretonergic synapses to block serotonin reuptake, which results in increased bio-availability of serotonin and improved mood (Toates, 2007). The full range of human behaviour is more comprehensive than simple reflexive actions or low mood but the relevance of understanding neuronal function at a singular level becomes clear when the billions of individual neurons that make up the brain and combine to create the neural systems responsible for particular roles are considered. For example, invasive investigations in animal models have allowed researchers to isolate the receptive fields of specific neurons in the visual system permitting hemispheric and brain lobe functionality mapping. Comprehension in functional responsibility of brain lobes has translated into evidence supporting biological links with psychological experiences such as memory. Penfield and Rasmussen discovered that surgical patients disclosed vivid historical memories during electrical stimulation of the temporal lobe (as cited in Toates, 2007) and electrical stimulation can now be administered through permanent implants in specific areas of the brain for relief of chronic pain. Alteration of the neural sequence is achieved by either reducing activity in pain related neurons or increasing electrical activity in neurons associated with positive emotions (Toates, 2007). Further supporting evidence for biological influence over behaviour is found in incidents of extensive brain damage resulting in significant alterations to temperament with famous examples such as Phineas Gage enlightening aspects of behavioural science. Surviving an industrial accident that involved prefrontal lobe damage, Gage exhibited little deterioration to intellectual and linguistic abilities but marked transformations in personality, previously considered out of character. Thus, whilst the brain and nervous system exhibit remarkable properties of functional continuation despite insult, focal damage, in this case to the region responsible for inhibition of emotional expression can produce pronounced effects on behaviour lending support to a biological explanation for some aspects of behaviour. Evidence from diseased and damaged brains provides support for biological perspectives ascribing behaviour through physiology but some aspects of human behaviour do not portray a clear uni-directionality of effect. Whilst the efficacy and mode of action of pharmaceutical agents such as Prozac implicate neuro-chemical involvement in depression, patient response is distinctively individual and Anisman and Zacharko demonstrated that external factors such as stress could contribute to the development of depression in individuals with little biological pre-disposition (as cited in Toates, 2007, p. 278). Even the mitigation of pain has been shown by Wall to be contingent on anticipation of relief in patients administered inert substances rather than Morphine (as cited in Toates, 2007, p. 261). It would appear that individual beliefs and attitudes can be as important to outcomes as bio-chemical engineering. Research at a biological level augments understanding of human behaviour and has importantly led to treatments and remedies for some conditions through modification to neural function. However, an exclusively reductionist approach appears insufficient in the face of evidence highlighting the reciprocal effect of social, environmental and experiential factors.

Comic Book Investing - High Risks and Low Gains :: Exploratory Essays Research Papers

A few years ago, the popular media of the United States focused on the comic book world for one dramatic, 'tragic' event - the death of Superman.   After months of hype, the long-awaited death issue, Superman #375, was released, packaged in a black bag bearing a blood-red logo, complete with a black arm band.   The book's price immediately skyrocketed.   Thousands of people who normally paid no attention to the comic universe swarmed local shops, driving the book's 'value' to upwards of thirty dollars overnight.   Over the next few weeks, the book could be found with a price tag of as high as $100.   Today, Superman #375 is valued in Wizard: The Guide to Comics at a disappointing, anticlimactic ten bucks. What happened?   To start, the book was printed in enormous quantities.   After the first few weeks of sales, when new shipments of the issue arrived in comic stores, the book's price began to drop.   The long-term value of the book was also adversely affected in two ways.   First, Superman returned to the comic scene, alive and well, a mere four months later.   This may have been a surprise (or an outrage) to many of the non-collectors who purchased the book, but was not much of a shock to the average fifteen-year old Superman fan, well acquainted with the 'dead today, back tomorrow' mentality of the genre.   Finally, the black package or "polybag," while supposedly designed to preserve the book, was actually made of a cheap, slightly-acidic plastic that would eventually turn the issue's once-white pages to a plaque-like brown.   Thus, collectors were forces to decide between damaging their copy of Superman #375 by opening it or by keeping it in it's corrosive wrappin g.   Both paths ultimately led to a drop in the book's value. Sadly enough, this sort of hype with no follow-through occurs on a near-monthly basis in the world of comics.   Major publishing houses routinely emphasize the 'collectibility' of their output, hoping to snag the attention of young collectors eager to validate their hobby by earning a bit of cash on the side.   The simple truth is that the vast majority of the comics that are produced today are highly unlikely to become valuable, mostly because of one simple, undeniable fact. Today's comics are published in enormous quantities.   A typical issue of The Amazing Spider Man will have a print run between 300,000 and 500,000 copies.

Drive

In the film Drive directed by Nicolas Winding Refn a sudden act of violence by protagonist, Driver, is an interesting surprise. The build-up, kiss, bashing and exit involved in the scene of the incident help us to understand the character of Driver. The visual and oral features of camera shots, dialogue and lighting are used to create a surrealist incident. The Driver’s romantic love affair with Irene and his care for her young child sets the film as a romance and a drama, as the love he experiences for the two, both Platonic and Eros, ultimately leads him to unleash his true beast though he attempts so hard to hide it in everyday life.The lifestyle he has chosen for himself prior to Irene inevitably arises once the mafia he crosses paths with leads to violence of the most cinematic type while invoking elements of suspense within each beat. In the film we see four key elevator scenes that display the development of the bond between Driver (Ryan Gosling) and Irene (Carey Mullig an), his innocent looking neighbour. The build-up to the incident is where Irene slaps Driver after his pathetic attempt to communicate. They then both enter the elevator where a man in a tan suit stands.Frequently used in this scene are over the shoulder shots and close ups. Very rarely are there cuts to mid-shots which would break continuity. When Irene slaps Driver; the camera cuts to a mid-shot to show the momentum of the action. The second time this happens is when the man in the tan suit is introduced into the scene. The mid-shot reveals the character to the audience and states his importance. Once in the elevator, low angle shots are used. These create a claustrophobic atmosphere for the audience.It also allows the suspicion Driver has towards the man in the tan suit to be built up. Close ups are used to show the raw emotion between the two characters as well as creating tension when Driver notices the gun the man is carrying, hidden under his jacket. This is a cinematic tech nique where props are exaggerated by the shot type. When Irene steps into the elevator, Driver first left to stare at the man in the tan suit. This makes the audience feel uncomfortable as the empty space is awkward and implies something bad is going to happen.The immediate suspicion Driver has towards the man in the suit leads him to be wary over him. Driver’s ability to place this suspicion we can assume has most likely stemmed from his past which is unknown to the audience as nothing about Driver’s past is revealed. However, we can assume that this The build-up to the entrance of the elevator is then followed by the kiss between Driver and Irene. While the elevator descends, Driver notices the gun in the jacket pocket of the man in the tan suit.All sound ceases as Driver reaches his hand behind him to where Irene stands and pushes her back. As he does the lights dim and focus between Driver’s face and Irene’s face. The dark and light shading on their h eads is reminiscent of French poetic-realism and is used to show the audience that Driver has both a good and bad side. This scene is also shot in slow motion which not only adds a sense of surrealism to the scene but also shows how both characters savour the kiss.Both the pacing and the lighting shift gears as Driver realizes the potential danger her and Irene are in. The average elevator lighting changes to a dark-lit environment which spotlights Driver and Irene specifically, isolating them almost completely from the rest of reality. The sound is back and we're in the midst of some raucous violence: a pair of hollow, crashing sounds as Driver smashes the hit man’s head into the elevator walls; then more clunking as he falls to the ground and Driver starts stomping on his head, once, twice, three times, with his boot.The sound of leather on skin shifts as the assault goes on toward a blend of moisture and crunch. At the 12th stomp, it's clear from the audio that bones are b reaking, and by the end of the sequence, after 15 seconds and 17 stomps, the dry and featureless thud has been transformed into a deathly squish. The elevator doors slide open again, with the same faint squeak they did before—Bender calls this a â€Å"sonic signature†Ã¢â‚¬â€and Irene flees into the garage. The incident ends with a close-up of Driver’s jacket with the gold scorpion on the back.A scorpion is seen as dangerous and deadly. However, in the same way that a scorpion in the wild remains hidden from view and only attacks when threatened, the same can be said for Driver. Driver worked in a garage, lived alone in a small, dingy apartment, but attacked violently when he felt himself or those he cared for were threatened. The twist to this is that it is in fact the man in the tan suit is killed in a brutal way by Driver. This shock factor makes the audience question their sympathy towards our protagonist.The next semiotic we see is the elevator door shuttin g on Driver separating him from Irene. This representation shows the closure of their relationship indicating that there is no going back, the rupture between the two of them is final. We realise that the kiss between Driver and Irene had taken place as more of a goodbye kiss. This is because Driver is aware of the harm he could potentially bring to Irene and Benicio if her were to stay with them. His ability to suddenly act with rage and violence proves that he is uncontrollable and unstable. ConclusionIn conclusion the surprising incident in the elevator helps us learn more about the character Driver. The build-up, kiss, bashing and exit scenes of the incident result in the audience being able to see into the real Driver. The two elements of sound and colour work coherently with each other in exhibiting a scene which imitates a heaven-like landscape turned dark alley way. The approach of not only the lighting, but also the spatial distance between non-diegetic sound and diegetic s ound as the latter starts to take prominence after Driver shows his romantic side.

My Salon Observation

I did my salon observation at Faith Beauty Salon. This is a salon I visited time after time to have services done to my hair, and never before taken an in-depth look at the surroundings. The front of the salon was just average, as the appearance didn’t give an inviting feeling. There were pictures of hair styles and products on the exterior, but they were hidden behind grills. My first day of observation was on a slow day, as the customers were few. I noticed that the salon was untidy, and dirty. The workers sat down and discussed personal business rather than taking the opportunity to tidy up the salon (fig. 2). There were drinks bottles on the hair station, and shoes and a bucket on the floor (fig. 2). Tools weren’t put away properly, when not in use, e.g. blowdryer on hairstation (see fig. 2). There didn’t seem to be proper storage for workers to put their handbags, as they were being kept on the hair station (fig. 3). The shampoo area was quite small, and this was also were the garbage was being stored (fig. 4). Used towels were left on the shampoo basin (fig. 4). The microwave for heating lunch is kept right over the garbage bin in the shampoo area (fig. 4). The nails area was kept fairly neat and tidy by the nail technician (fig. 5). This may be due to the fact that this is the only rented station in the salon. There was quite a lot of selling going on in the salon, but nearly all the items being sold were not pertaining to haircare. E.g. there were large displays of handbags (fig. 6). There was also a showcase with slippers, and bath & body products for sale (fig. 2). The salon carried only one line of haircare products for retailing, in a very small quantity (fig.7). Overall the salon seem to be lacking in areas of sanitization, proper storage, image (e.g. attractiveness), and professionalism. It felt very much like a boutique, rather than a salon.

Organisation Analysis Example

Organisation Analysis Example Organisation Analysis – Coursework Example Teacher SWOT Analysis of Starbucks HRM Strength –HRM practices recognized as one of the companies in the world that has best HRM practices earning the company as the most ethical company in the restaurant industry. This reputation translates to low labor turnover and ease of attracting potential talents into the company. It practice equal opportunity and encourages diversity among its employees and is lauded in the industry.Weakness – its HRM is costly that may render the company less competitive. Starbucks is one of the highest paying company in the industry that includes health benefits and stock options. All of these entails cost that may difficult to sustain the long run.Opportunity – Starbucks could also extend its HRM practices to its suppliers, farmers who plant and harvest their coffee. Since Starbucks employs its suppliers on a long term basis and in fact does audit to ensure that its farming practices are consistent with its set guidelines, it may inclu de as well the farmers in the audit. Starbucks has the opportunity to include its HRM practices to the farmers and its other suppliers. This could translate to an ideal corporate citizenship that would earn the goodwill of its customers and therefore, will strengthen the brand to command premium prices. Threat – Competitors with lower prices threatens the company as well as its HRM practices. If competition will become stiff and the market becomes price driven, Starbucks may be forced to cut cost and one of the areas that may be cut is its benefits and pay which its employees enjoy.

How to Use the 5 Relative Pronouns in Adjective Clauses

How to Use the 5 Relative Pronouns in Adjective Clauses An adjective clause  (also called a relative clause) is a group of words that works like an adjective to modify a noun  or noun phrase.  Here well focus on the five relative pronouns that are used in adjective clauses. An adjective clause usually begins with a relative pronoun: a word that relates the information in the adjective clause to a word or a phrase in the main clause. Who, Which, and That Adjective clauses most often begin with one of these three relative pronouns: whowhichthat All three pronouns refer to a noun, but who refers only to people and which refers only to things. That may refer to either people or things. Here are a few examples, with the adjective clauses in italics and the relative pronouns in bold. Everyone turned and looked at Toya, who was still standing  behind the counter.Charlies old coffee machine, which hadnt worked in years, suddenly started to gurgle and splutter.The ticking sound was coming from the little box that was sitting on the windowsill. In the first example, the relative pronoun who refers to the proper noun Toya. In sentence two, which refers to the noun phrase Charlies old coffee machine. And in the third sentence, that refers to the little box. In each of the examples, the relative pronoun functions as the subject of the adjective clause. Sometimes we can omit the relative pronoun from an adjective clauseas long as the sentence still makes sense without it. Compare these two sentences: The poem that  Nina chose was We Real Cool by Gwendolyn Brooks.The poem Ø Nina chose was We Real Cool by Gwendolyn Brooks. Both sentences are correct, though the second version may be considered just a little less formal than the first one. In the second sentence, the gap left by the omitted pronoun (identified by the symbol Ø)  is called a  zero relative pronoun. Whose and Whom Two other relative pronouns used to introduce adjective clauses are whose (the possessive form of who) and whom (the object form of who). Whose begins an adjective clause that describes something that belongs to or is a part of someone or something mentioned in the main clause: The ostrich, whose wings are useless for flight, can run faster than the swiftest horse. Whom stands for the noun that receives the action of the verb in the adjective clause: Anne Sullivan was the teacher whom Helen Keller met in 1887. Notice that in this sentence Helen Keller is the subject of the adjective clause, and whom is the direct object. Put another way, who is equivalent to the subject pronouns he, she, or they in a main clause; whom is equivalent to the object pronouns him, her, or them in a main clause.

Analyse the association between variables Assignment

Analyse the association between variables - Assignment Example The contention was to find a simple equation that could represent the presented proposition with ease (Witte & Witte, 2009). This was followed by a calculation of the correlation coefficient that was meant to express how well the equation connected to the actual plot points. This was done to see how well any calculations based on the equation would reflect on the actual situation. Part (g) In terms of the initial hypothesis, the plotted points provide a strong correlation between the fitting of denture for the first time and the weight loss in the first year. However, it must be taken to note that the plotted points show a consistent behaviour for respondents with an initial weight under 80 kg. However, when respondents above 80 kg of initial weight are looked into, it becomes clear that they tend not to follow the initial hypothesis. The best solution would be to carry out more research with respondents with an initial weight of over 80 kg and to possibly model the situation using q uadratic or higher order polynomial functions in order to find a better fit for respondents with an initial weight above 80 kg. References Witte, R.S. ...

Painting of Jackson Pollock Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Painting of Jackson Pollock - Essay Example A new, interactive and creative activity catches my attention for nearly a half an hour. Finally I give up and sink deep into the exciting world of colors, dots, lines and circles. Think and thin, short and long, bright and dull†¦ These colorful shapes are seducing the mind by the opportunity of becoming expressive, independent and original for at lest a few fun moments.Thought the first impression is that the activity of painting on the computer is just another entertaining experience, a second look makes me realize how cool our age is – the age of advanced technologies that allow any average individual to become, for at least some minutes, an artist. It’s so strange – a seemingly simple computer application makes the tired brain think of such great things as world progress, global development and even the essence of being. Dots – large and small, lines – straight and wavy, shapes†¦ And an inexpressible joy of creation.

Ukraines Transition from Socialism to Capitalism Essay

Ukraines Transition from Socialism to Capitalism - Essay Example Following the revolt, the rulers of Ukraine turned to Russia for protection and hence laid down the path towards Russian imperialism. This colonialism made a new distinction among the workforce in Ukraine. A large-scale labor migration from Russia occurred which acquired high skill and better pay job opportunities while the domestic workers suffered from a low wage and bad working conditions. The protests against such unjust and exploitative attitude lead to the upheaval of the 1917-1920 and 1942-1947 revolution. The struggle weakened because of the withdrawal of the Bolshevik members of Ukraine. In October 1917, the revolutions of Russia and Ukraine fused but the leaders in the parliament, Rada, who were against the notion of a Russian workers’ republic, decelerated the progress towards a Ukrainian socialist uprising. The Rada had diverged so much from the objectives of the Ukrainian mass that during its disposition in 1918 (by the Red Army) it had already lost its ground of support. In this so-called defense of sovereignty, the incident that took place was that these Rada leaders gave Ukraine away to German, Austrian, and Polish occupations. The year 1920 saw another upsurge to dispose of Russian colonialism by the Ukrainian Communist protesters. However, with the strengthening of the powers of Stalin and Russia, the dynamics of centralism shattered the rest of the hopes of national equality. In the 1930’s, a mixture of rapid industrialization and enforced collectivization sowed the seeds of a mass aggression. Millions of people died in the false famine of 1932-33 and a considerable number were deported to Siberia. Those who thought to venerate, analyze, or dissent these tragic incidents were either imprisoned or tortured.

The Extent and Causes of Tax Evasion in Pakistan

The Extent and Causes of Tax Evasion in Pakistan Molar and woodland (2004) investigated the efficiency of tax through tax optimality index. In their paper they measured the difference between the current tax structure and an optimal tax structure. They used the methodology was based on a small open economy and they constructed an equation on economys equilibrium to construct their tax optimality index including public goods. The model used to calculate the total optimality index had four variables three private and one public good. The tax optimality index came out to be 0.7972 which showed that the taxes where 79.7% efficient compared to the optimal tax index. The advantages of the tax were that it immediately told how efficient where the current taxes of a country with reference to an optimal model. Kemal (2007) discussed the extent of underground economy and tax evasion in Pakistan. He analyzed the main causes of increase in underground economy citing reasons such as intensity of regulations burden of tax and social transfers etc. The methodology he used was that he collected many micro and macro variables such as total number of bank deposits, interest rates, GDP, GNP, inflation etc in order to construct his equations to measure the extent of increase in underground economy. Years were ranging from 1973 to 2003. The equation developed was a regression equation, first legal money is calculated, and after that velocity of money is calculated by dividing the national income with legal money, lastly multiplying the velocity of money with illegal money gives the underground economy. Multiplying underground economy with total tax to GDP ratio gives tax evasion. Empirical results showed that both the size of underground economy and tax evasion increased significantly during these years. The increase was most predominant in 1990s. He also concluded that raise in underground economy poses many problems for policy makers. He also concluded that had there been no tax evasion budget balance could have been positive. Aslam (1998) measured the size of underground economy and tax evasion in Pakistan. His paper used Tanzis methodology with few changes made to the model. The range of the years was from 1960 to 1998. The modified model was of log to log specification with demand of currency assumed to me the main determinant of tax rate. The paper reinforced the presence of a large underground economy and huge tax evasion in Pakistan. Results showed the variation in underground economy is very sensitive and has significant impact on GDP. Further it showed that the Dollarization of economy is major problem because of significant involvement of underground foreign exchange. The limitation of this paper was that this paper could not be concluded as completely accurate and it does not tell about a remedy plan. Jayasinghe (2007) evaluated the components and sources of tax gap in Pakistan. Presence of significant tax gap forces a country to impose higher marginal tax rates of tax payers in order to collect additional revenue required to overcome a potential budget deficit. The model assumes that tax evasion in the economy is represented by a fully established hidden economy. Tax evasion is estimated through estimating the size of shadow economy through 1984-2004. A regression analysis is conducted in two specifications for comparisons. One specification is run by using total values of GDP while the other using per capita values for GDP. The size of the shadow economy estimated through both specifications, GDP and per capita GDP show an increasing trend. Results showed that size of underground economy has increased from 23% to 84% till 2004. Increasing trend in underground economy is followed by an increasing tax gap. Lastly, the paper argues that the source of declining government, revenue is growing tax gap. Hibbs and Piculescu (2005) proposed a model of how taxation and government regulations affect the productivity of private institution. The model proposed considers private firm with fixed capital (K) and variable labor requirements: Lo, labor in official while Lu labor employed in unofficial production. Wage is identical at (w) but wage cost varies: regarding the public sector, it is demand as potentially corruptible and markets for corruption would arise giving firms opportunity for evading taxes. The model also assumes that incentive to evade taxation depend on statuary tax rates. Regression equation is developed and regression tests are run to arrive at the conclusion. Empirical results in this paper are that markets for corruption arise due to perception of figures taxes as not worth paying. Dependency on how many and to what extent firms within a country have incentive to produce underground economy and evade taxation policies regarding taxation and employment conditions of enforcement bureaucrats may create tradeoffs between containment of tax evasion and overall level of economic activity. Goerke (2003) investigated the relationship between tax progressivity and the tax evasion. In this paper, the consequences of tax evasion upon employment opportunities are investigated. It relates that an increase in tax progressivity has no employment effect in the absence of evasion opportunities. The model has a fixed number of workers whose only source of income are wages (w) and who can evade income taxes a regression test is run and conclusion are drawn. The results are that employment effects more of progressive taxes in an efficiency wage economy has no employment consequences in the absence of tax evasion. The analysis has presumed a constant level of statuary tax payments at the initial wage level. Niepelt (2003) explored the dynamic of tax evasion. He analyzed the dynamics of tax evasion using a model in a continuous time. He developed an equation using the model and his assumptions based on the households in that model. The conclusion drawn in his paper is that risk aversion and endogenous detection probability play a central role in static theories of tax evasion. It concludes that in the presence of tax evasion, the statuary tax rate is an important policy instrument but an unpredictable indicator of the effective stance of fiscal policy. Ahmed and Ahmed (1995) estimated the extent and level of black economy in Pakistan through monetary approach. Researchers have termed the underground economy in various names such as (i) illegal economy (ii) unreported economy (iii) unrecorded economy (iv) informal economy. The method adopted for quantification of the black economy is that of Tanzi, with some modifications. The equation is of double Log specification. Tax GDP ratio sign is positive. Relationship between interest rate on time deposits and currency ratio is said to be negative. After estimation of equations through least square method results are obtained. It has been found that the black economy as a percentage of GDP has shown a fluctuating trend. Black economy and level of tax evasion have increased over the number of years, but black economy as a percentage of GDP has experienced a decline. The sizeable magnitude loss of revenue indicates that substantial revenue can be realized by reducing the extent of tax evasion in the economy. Crane and Nourzad (1985) analyzed the effect of inflation on aggregate tax evasion in the US over the period of 1947- 81. The methodology used is to construct an equation using major determination of evasion. The major determinants are derived with the following implicit evasion function Z= f(O, f, TR, V, P). Z is a measure of tax evasion, D is probability of detection, F is fine rate, TR is tax rate, Y is real true income and P is inflation rate. The equation derived comes out to be a logarithmic equation in Z. the most difficult variables to quantify is dependent variable itself, Z, measuring tax evasion. Probability of detection an independent variable is measure using moving averages over the period of 2 years. Tax rate is calculated using weighted average marginal tax rate. Inflation is calculated using CPI. Empirical results show that aggregate income tax evasion in both absolute and relative taxes is positively related to inflation rate. Aggregate evasion is risen in absolute terms but has fallen in relative terms when real true income has risen.

Curriculum and Cultural Capital relating to Social Justice and Educatio

Education is the process of skills, the acquisition of knowledge and understanding that all children acquire through learning in an institute of education, every individual has an equal right to an education and as a result, an entitlement is provided to all children. However, there are a proportion of children that are at a disadvantaged due to cultural and social indifferences, consequently, for all pupils, education can be seen as the means of a socialising process, which generates a set of principles that may affect many of its learners, Thus the National Curriculum was initiated as an opportunity of equality in addition to an inclusive education, which would provide all its pupils regardless of socio economic backgrounds. However, for a few of the heterogeneous group, the National Curriculum, on the grounds of fairness and opportunities created a socialisation process, which simultaneously is the possibility of why some children achieve, in addition to those who do not. Thus, th e entirety of its pupils has its advantages together with its disadvantages by dividing numerous children into a catalogue of academically able, with the addition of the view being reversed given that this is achieved through the process of social reproduction. Each class has its own cultural background, knowledge, dispositions, and tastes that are transmitted through the family (Bourdieu 1984) which is the predispositions of each student achieving in education. Thus, this essay will consider the ways into which, and how the extent of social justice and education is influenced through cultural capital and the National Curriculum. Cultural capital to some degree is whom you know and what you know. To characterize cultural capital, it is indicated thro... ...al and Cultural Development. London: Continuum. Carr, W. and Hartnett, A. (1996) Education and the Struggle for Democracy. Buckingham: Open University Press. Matheson, D. and Grosvenor, I. (1999) An Introduction to the study of Education. London: David Fulton Publishers. Bartlett, S. and Burton, D. (2007) Introduction to Education Studies. 2nd ed. London: SAGE Publications Ayers, W. Quinn, T. and Stovall, D. (2009) Handbook of Social Justice in Education. New York: Routledge. Bates, I and Riseborough, G. (eds). (1993) Youth and Inequality. Buckingham: Open University Press, pp. 142-43. Selfe, P. (2000) Education, Training and Policy. London: Hodder and Stoughton. Payne, G (ed.) (2000) Social Divisions. London: Macmillan. p. 160. BBC NEWS(2001) School test results 'useless' say critics. [online].[ Available] http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/education/1684247.stm

Chem Sba 1

Name: Derell Ruan Form: 4B1 SBA: Chemistry Aim: To determine which gas, Ammonia or hydrogen chloride defuses faster. Hypothesis: Ammonia will defuse faster than hydrogen chloride. Materials Equipment: Chemicals: * 2 retort clamp and stand Ammonia * 1 ? m glass tube * 2 250cm3 beakers * Cotton Wool * Stop clock * Meter rule * Tweezers * 2 Rubber bum Method: The equipment was collected. * The glass tube was placed between the two clamps ensuring that it was leveled. * A small amount of hydrochloric acid was poured into the beaker. * The cotton wool was placed at one end of the glass tube using tweezers. Seal it off with a rubber bum. * Repeating steps 3-5 simultaneously. * The stop clock was started, keeping record of time taken to the white cloud to form. * The meter rule was used to measure the distance of the white cloud from each end of the tube. ResultsChemical| Distance| Time ( in sec)| Rate of Diffusion| Molecular weight | Ammonia| 90| 285| 0. 315| 17. 03| Hydrochloric acid| 60 | 285| 0. 210| 36. 46| Interpretation of results: The purpose of the glass tube is to eliminate air currents and to let the gas molecules will move on their own. The gas molecules follow a path through the tube as they collide with the air molecules in the tube. Ammonia will diffuses faster because it has a faster rate of diffusion and it is almost twice a light as Hydrochloric acid.A cloud like figure should show up when the gases collide. Conclusion: The reaction which is taking place is: ammonia + hydrogen chloride > ammonium chloride NH3Â  (g) + HCl (g) > NH4Cl (s) The exact time taken for the cloud to form depended on the dimensions of the tube, and the amount of the solutions which are put on the cotton wool. The cloud formed nearer to the hydrochloric acid end of the tube because ammonia diffuses faster than hydrochloric acid.This is because hydrogen chloride has almost twice the molecular weight of ammonia, and the rate of diffusion is inversely proportional to the square r oot of the molecular mass of the gas. The hypothesis was correct and is proven by the results of the experiment and what was interpreted was also proven by the results of the experiment. Limitations: The experiment could not have been conducted several times enabling the results to be more accurate, because of the high risk that it could have done to the human body.

Other Forms Of Social Control

All societies impose social control on their citizens to some degree. This type of control allows them to monitor and regulate behavior formally and informally. Key’s to understanding a culture’s system of social control is having a better understanding of the social norms. In large scale society they maintain social control within the legal institutions.There are also two other major controls that exist that many are unaware of. Religion is known to have control over the population, the public and the behavior of all. Whenever a person claims to be a dedicated Christian they must follow certain types of moral codes in order to uphold the personality in the public.Television is another form of social control. This control was noted that television was blocking mostly those individuals from enjoying the life on the outside of their doors. Social control is even in our households. A person wants their household a certain type of way has somewhat of a social control.I am u nder the impression that when a child is growing up they are taught wrong from right, what is good and what is bad. This however is only to prepare them for the real world.The subconscious mind is an outstanding and powerful information processor that can record and replay events that happened in the past. However many individuals become aware of their own subconscious mind when they realize they’re engaged in an undesirable behavior only as a result of someone who has pushed the wrong buttons.

On the SAT, How Many People Get a 1400, 1500, or 1600

On the SAT, How Many People Get a 1400, 1500, or 1600 SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips How many students get a high score on the SAT? How many students get a perfect score? Here we look at the number of students and the percentile of these top ranks. Then we find out whether you should retake the SAT if you get these scores. Note:This guide was created when the SAT used its old 2400 scoring scale. Unfortunately, we don't have the same data for the current version of the SAT (out of 1600 points), but we do have a conversion chart below so you can convert your 1600-scale SAT score to a 2400-scale score and still make use of the information in this article. SAT Score Conversion Chart Below is the conversion chart you can use to convert your current SAT score to the old 2400-scale version of the SAT. For example, if you scored an 1150 on the current version of the SAT, that's equivalent to a 1590 on the old SAT. So 1590 is the score you'd use for reference as you read the rest of the article to get a sense of where you rank in regards to other SAT test takers. New SAT Old SAT New SAT Old SAT New SAT Old SAT 1600 2390 1200 1670 800 1060 1590 2370 1190 1650 790 1040 1580 2350 1180 1640 780 1030 1570 2330 1170 1620 770 1010 1560 2300 1160 1610 760 990 1550 2280 1150 1590 750 980 1540 2260 1140 1570 740 960 1530 2230 1130 1560 730 950 1520 2210 1120 1540 720 930 1510 2190 1110 1530 710 910 1500 2170 1100 1510 700 900 1490 2150 1090 1490 690 880 1480 2130 1080 1480 680 870 1470 2110 1070 1460 670 860 1460 2090 1060 1450 660 850 1450 2080 1050 1430 650 840 1440 2060 1040 1420 640 830 1430 2040 1030 1400 630 820 1420 2020 1020 1390 620 810 1410 2000 1010 1370 610 800 1400 1990 1000 1360 600 790 1390 1970 990 1340 590 780 1380 1950 980 1330 580 770 1370 1930 970 1310 570 760 1360 1920 960 1300 560 750 1350 1900 950 1280 550 740 1340 1880 940 1270 540 730 1330 1870 930 1250 530 730 1320 1850 920 1240 520 720 1310 1840 910 1220 510 710 1300 1820 900 1210 500 700 1290 1810 890 1200 490 690 1280 1790 880 1180 480 680 1270 1780 870 1170 470 670 1260 1760 860 1150 460 660 1250 1750 850 1140 450 650 1240 1730 840 1120 440 640 1230 1710 830 1110 430 630 1220 1700 820 1090 420 620 1210 1680 810 1070 410 610 400 600 Which SAT Data Is the Most Important for You? Before we talk about the exact numbers, it's important to know which data you should care about. Take a score like 2200. According to the College Board, who has comprehensive statistics on all takers of the official SAT, there are 2,574 students who got exactly a 2200 in 2014. However, if you are comparing yourself to the College Board's official numbers, you should be careful about how they construct it.The College Board is only looking at 2014 college-bound seniors - so if you are pretty far removed from this group, it won't represent how you're performing. For example, if you are a sophomore, a 2200 will be much more impressive than the official table of numbers suggests because you've had two less years of school compared to high school seniors. Percentiles vs Absolute Numbers You should also consider whether you should care about absolute numbers or percentiles most. If you care about how you're doing compared to the average test taker, you might care more about percentiles - a 2200 is 98th percentile (or inverted top 2 percentile). This tells you you're within the top 2% of test takers. Picture the median test taker in your mind: aUS student who performs average in class and prepares just a few hours for the SAT. When does comparing against this person help you determine where you are? I suggest that the absolute number of people matters more.After all, Harvard takes in a class of 1200 per year, the top ten colleges probably take in around 20,000, and how you numerically fit into that picture matters more. Cumulative Numbers Back to absolute numbers - 2,574 students got a 2200. But that doesn't mean that if you got a 2200, you're within the top 2,574 students. You have to count all the people who got 2200 or above. In statistics, this is called the cumulative number. This is important because you're not just competing against people who got a 2200 exactly - you're pretty much neck-to-neck with those who got 2210, 2220 and so forth. That's why you want to look at people who got a score or above. This number is most useful to figure out the sort of colleges you're competitive for. For example, if you're in the top 3000 or so, you're competitive for every college, since the top two to three colleges together accept that many per year. Likewise, wherever you place, you can count the slots colleges have above that. The Raw Facts Here is the table showing data for scores from 2200 to 2400, and below is more explanation of what each of the columns show. Score Number of Students Cumulative Number Precise Top Percentile 2400 583 583 0.0348% 2350 630 2969 0.1775% 2300 1371 8812 0.5269% 2250 1914 17225 1.0299% 2200 2574 28834 1.7241% Your Score = The SAT 3-Section Score (out of 2400) Number of Students = Number of students in 2014 who got exactly your score. This number is not cumulative and isn't the best measure of performance. Cumulative Number = This is the total number of students in 2014 who got the same score as you or more. This is the group you're competing with. Precise Percentile = Here we include the precise percentile this score puts you in. The College Board represents percentiles only roughly - they just tell you 99%+ in your score report. We use their exact numbers to re-run the calculation and tell you what exact top fraction you're in. Bonus: Should You Retake the SAT? I've written before that students can easily get 100 points more or less during different SATs without doing anything different, and colleges know that. A change of 100 points is not statistically significant. Does that mean colleges don't care about a 100 point difference - that colleges don't care between a SAT score of 2150 and a 2250, or between a 2250 and 2350? Not at all - because the idea of statistical significance is not the same as expected difference. (This is where my master's degree in statistics can shine!) Statistical significance measures whether someone who got 2350 could get 2250 by likely chance - the answer is absolutely yes! But expected difference measures whether on average, someone who happens to get a 2350 is better than someone who got a 2250 - the answer is also yes. It's not hard to understand intuitively - if you get a 2350 you probably just got a couple of questions wrong, all due to a careless mistake. When you get in the 2250 zone, you're getting up to half a dozen wrong, and that on average reflects a degree of care and mastery that's simply different from a 2350. Our advice then is that especially due to superscoring, even if you're getting 2200, it's worth retaking it up to just above a 2300. What's Next? Not happy with your SAT score?If you want to raise your score,check out our guide on low SAT scoresfor helpful tips. For more strategies, take a look at our guides to getting a perfect SAT score on Reading, Math, Writing and overall. What kinds of study materials do you need to study for the SAT? We break down what the best prep books are (and which books to avoid) in this expert guide. Want to learn more about the SAT but tired of reading blog articles? Then you'll love our free, SAT prep livestreams. Designed and led by PrepScholar SAT experts, these live video events are a great resource for students and parents looking to learn more about the SAT and SAT prep. Click on the button below to register for one of our livestreams today!

Saving Private Ryan Essays - English-language Films, Free Essays

Saving Private Ryan Essays - English-language Films, Free Essays Saving Private Ryan This movie is about World War 2. It starts out on D-Day where their storming the beach. When they open up the doors to their boats most are killed and if you jumped into the water you sank because your packs were to heavy. We won the beach, and when we were walking up the beach they found a house were the enemy was and they opened the door and shot a flame thrower into it and on the other side were all of our men and they jumped out through this crack in the top of the building and were on fire, and one of our generals said "Don't fire, let them burn." Then later on the army had been putting brothers on the same platoons and when the platoon died the parents would get a notice that all of their sons had died on the same day, so they started trying not to let brothers on the same platoon. Well some family named Ryan had had 3 of their sons killed already so the army said that they would get the last brother out. So they got Tom Hanks to round up a group and their mission was to save p rivate Ryan.So they went off and they were walking through this city and this guy was telling them to take his child so she wouldn't die. One of them wanted to but the leader said no. Then a sniper started shooting at them, and when they found the sniper our sniper shot at him and it went through his scope and into his eye. Then they find a general and they ask if he has a private Ryan. He says he does so he goes and gets him. Tom Hanks trys to tell him why he's coming to get him, because his brothers all died. The guy starts crying and he asks how they died. He told him he died in enemy fire. He starts crying again and says they were only in like 3rd grade. So it was the wrong guy. So they keep going and they get to a pasture and they see a big machine gun and they decide to take it out so the next platoon doesn't die because of it. While trying to do this their doctor gets hit and dies. One of the Germans is still alive so they make him dig a grave for the doctor. After he's done they were going to kill him but the translator said its not right he's a prisoner of war they should let him go find the next group and turn him self in so they do. Then they find private Ryan and tell him and he doesn't want to go home. He wants to fight with his men. So they say well kill these tanks that are coming up but then we have to go. So he agrees and when all the Germans get there they have the bridge wired to explode and all these tar bombs its a bunch of C-4 in your sock with tar on the our side and you stick it to stuff and light the fuse. The translator is a coward and one of his guys is getting attacked by a knife buy one of the enemy's he just cries on the stares while the guy kills his friend and he had a gun and every thing so he was just being a baby. Later on the translator is laying on some rocks and the Germans are on the other side of the pile of rocks and he has a gun still bu t he doesn't pop up and kill them again he acts like a baby. The General of the guys who kills Tom Hanks ,the guys on the other side of the rocks is the prisoner he made them let go, so that guy is responsible for 2 of his own men deaths, all because he is a freakin baby. They end up winning the battle and private Ryan gets to go home. All this was Private Ryan remembering this on veterans day at Tom Hanks grave.

How to Make a Giant Bubble Using Dry Ice

How to Make a Giant Bubble Using Dry Ice All you need to make this giant bubble is dry ice, bubble solution, and either a little water or else tonic water and a black light (glowing liquid). You can make the bubble itself glow if you add a little highlighter ink to the bubble solution. The dry ice sublimates to form carbon dioxide gas, which expands the bubble.  Watch the video tutorial of this project. Materials dry icebubble solutionwater (or tonic water and a black light, if you want glowing liquid)glass or dish Make a Dry Ice Bubble Pour some water or tonic water into the container.Add a piece of dry ice. The dry ice will make bubbles in the liquid.Spread a film of bubble solution around the lip of the container.Use your hand or a piece of paper towel that has been wetted with bubble solution to smear bubble solution across the top of the container. I made a video of the project so you can see what to expect. How It Works Dry ice sublimates in air, meaning the solid carbon dioxide makes the transition to carbon dioxide gas. This process occurs much more quickly in water than in air. As the dry ice sublimates, the carbon dioxide vapor is caught inside the bubble solution. The bubble expands, but the cooled bubble solution does not evaporate quickly so the bubble lasts for a relatively long time. Sometimes conditions are right for the bubble to stabilize at a given size. This happens because carbon dioxide is able to diffuse across the bubble surface. Sublimating carbon dioxide expands the bubble, but when the bubble expands its walls become thinner and leak more. Since more carbon dioxide can escape, the pressure is reduced and the bubble has a tendency to shrink back again. As long as the solution doesnt evaporate too quickly, the bubble may remain relatively stable until the dry ice is nearly gone. At that point the bubble will become smaller.

Project Portfolio Management Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Project Portfolio Management - Term Paper Example The researcher states that for an efficient and effective analysis of the process of Project Portfolio Management (PPM) the balance scorecard is part of this process. This is so since it is the balance scorecard that helps in monitoring organizational projects in order to ensure that the projects are in line with the mission, vision, and the overall goals of the organization. It tries to quantify these objective and goals so that they are measurable. In general, the balance scorecard balances the project so that it becomes successful. The processes of PPM analysis always follow a given systematic order or steps. The following are the steps involved in the analysis of the PPM. The first and foremost thing that one must subscribe to before he begins the project is the submission and request for projects. It involves considering projects that are of essential strategic importance to FCC. The stage requires that it is imperative to submit projects that are radar screen incorporated. It m ust be noted that it is at this stage that pay offs are done. This is important as it ensures that: Major threats or risks that might be experienced in the project are fully done away with through strategic alignment and integration; it also ensures that enough resources are set aside for the project therefore ensuring a successful project completion. It also balances off portfolio projects and finally, it ensures that the best practices are applied in the management of the project; this further ensures successful completion of the project.... Remember the projects are always placed in something like a quadrant after which priority is given to each project. The following formula can be used in project prioritization; Strategy +return- risk= project prioritization result (Norrie, 2010) The next stage is the project registration. After the prioritization has been made on projects, what follows is the project registration. This is always important as it makes the project to be official in nature. Registration is always done in the order of priority. (Norrie 2010) The next stage is the project activation. This is also important as it seeks to bargain for the approval and allocation of resources to a particular project depending on the amount of the resources that the project call for. It also links the project to the major projects and sets budgets for the projects. The next stage is the project completion and execution. This is done in order to monitor and measure the performance of the project; it marks the last stage of PPM process. Before we can look into the PPM processes available, it is first important to understand what models are and why they are vital in PPM. In relation to PPM, a model can be defined as a well-programmed mathematical tool that can be used to systematically determine the areas of interest in a given project. A computerized program can be used to determine the value worth of any given project before it is selected. Models are always important as they can be used to create solutions that are beyond human power; research shows that â€Å"human beings have very limited information processing skills and often make errors or are sometimes biased when making choices. However, they are good at creative skills and they can generate more alternatives. Though models are good as they

Discuss how Monologue by Hone Tuwhare is an expressive poem Essay

Discuss how Monologue by Hone Tuwhare is an expressive poem - Essay Example The factory is a noisy place, with smoke rising and machines thudding. â€Å"Because I am nearest to the big doors, I am the farthest away from those who have to come down to shout instructions in my ear†, the person being close to the entrance, is also away from his co-workers, who have to try hard to make themselves heard. This person is the first to greet any stranger or newcomer who comes in looking for work, and provide them with the required information. â€Å"I can always tell the look on the faces of the successful ones as they hurry away. The look on the faces of the unlucky I know also, but cannot easily forget†. The writer succeeds in giving prominence to the main character’s emotions, when he sees the look on the faces of strangers who come in search of work, their feelings on being successful or not in their search for work. The emotion on the faces of these people, which he cannot forget easily, makes the main character also emotional. The writer is very efficient in capturing the feelings of these people. â€Å"I have worked here for fifteen months. It’s too good to last. Orders will fall off and there will be a reduction in staff†. This sentence shows how insecure the person feels about his job, even though he is working since the past fifteen months only. He thinks that the company might not have enough orders, and in this process might reduce their staff. He feels that more people might be appointed, who possess much better skills then him, who will be made permanent in their job, and that he should look for a better job, before they fire him. â€Å"These thoughts I push away, I think that I am lucky to have a position by the big doors which open out to a short alley leading to the main street;† He consoles himself by thinking that he is lucky to have a place near the door, and if any emergency takes place like a fire or an earthquake, he can make an easy exit along with his

Evaluating, Narrating, and Describing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Evaluating, Narrating, and Describing - Essay Example This story has been written in such a way that it is likely to cause mixed feelings among the targeted readers. The story vividly describes the perceptions held by different people about the role of the wife in their lives. Feminists are likely to view this story from a negative perspective since it stereotypes the role of wives as child minders as well as responsible for taking care of the family. the author states that she wants a so that she can go back to school to acquire knowledge which in turn can empower her economically when she gets a well paying job. In different patriarchal societies, men believe that only men should be gainfully employed and the wives should concentrate on performing different household chores. Wives should be dependent on their husbands for any financial needs and they should stay at home in order to take care for the kids. The author states that: â€Å"I want a wife to take care of my children. I want a wife to keep track of the children’s doct or and dentist appointments. And to keep track of mine, too. I want a wife to make sure my children eat properly and are kept clean,† (1). This shows that wives are often viewed as solely responsible for performing household tasks as mentioned above. The author also suggests that a wife should submit herself under her husband and she should do anything desired by him. This is reflected in the following statement: â€Å"I want a wife who will not bother me with rambling complaints about a wife’s duties,† (2). From this statement, it can be seen that a wife is supposed to obey the commands of the husband and she should not complain about her duties. In other words, the author is trying to portray wives as objects of their male counterparts. The author also states that a wife has a duty to satisfy the sexual desires of her husband whenever he feels like having sexual intercourse with her. This is shown in the following statement: â€Å"I want a wife who is sensitiv e to my sexual needs, a wife who makes love passionately and eagerly when I feel like it, a wife who makes sure that I am satisfied,† (2). A close analysis of this statement shows that wives are often treated as sexual objects and they should abide by the sexual demands of their husbands under whatever condition. The author further states that she wants a wife who will not demand sex from the husband even if she feels like doing it. In other words, the wife is portrayed as a person who does not have feelings but just a sexual object. The author also portrays the husband as someone who has the right to engage in extra marital affairs whenever he finds someone appealing than his wife. This shows the extent to which wives are treated in some sections of the society across the globe. This story is likely to strongly appeal to the emotions of women who are forced to view themselves as being relegated to lower levels in the society in a negative way. Feminists and rights activists a re likely to criticise this story in strong and harsh terms since they advocate for equality between men and women. Feminists in different parts of the world argue that there should be equality between men and women and they should also be given equal employment opportunities just like their male counterparts. This would emancipate them so that they would not solely depend on their husbands for survival. Rights activists argue that women should also be economically empowered so that they can also independently make their own